Feb 2026

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Time & Tense

Duration (間)

Master expressing duration in Japanese using 間 (aida) and time periods. Learn how to say 'for how long' and express time spans.

What is 間 (aida)?

(あいだ - aida) means "interval," "period," or "duration." It's used to express how long something lasts or the time span between events.

3時間
"3 hours" (duration)

日本にいる間
"while/during being in Japan"

夏休みの間
"during summer vacation"

Expressing Duration

Time Period + 間

To emphasize duration, add 間 after time expressions:

1時間 → 1時間(の間)
"for 1 hour"

3日間
"for 3 days"

2週間
"for 2 weeks"

1年間
"for 1 year"

With or Without 間

Some time words can be used with or without 間:

3時間 = 3時間
"3 hours" (both acceptable)

But:
3日 vs 3日間
"3 days" - 間 emphasizes the duration

Common Duration Expressions

Hours

1時間 - 1 hour
2時間 - 2 hours
半時間 - half an hour
何時間 - how many hours

2時間勉強した
"I studied for 2 hours"

Days

1日 - 1 day
2日間 - 2 days
3日間 - 3 days
何日間 - how many days

3日間東京にいました
"I was in Tokyo for 3 days"

Weeks

1週間 - 1 week
2週間 - 2 weeks
3週間 - 3 weeks
何週間 - how many weeks

2週間休みます
"I'll rest for 2 weeks"

Months

1ヶ月 / 一ヶ月 - 1 month
2ヶ月 - 2 months
半年 - half a year
何ヶ月 - how many months

3ヶ月日本語を勉強した
"I studied Japanese for 3 months"

Years

1年 / 1年間 - 1 year
2年間 - 2 years
3年間 - 3 years
何年間 - how many years

5年間働きました
"I worked for 5 years"

の間 (no aida) - During

[Time/Event] + の間

Expresses "during" or "while":

夏休みの間
"during summer vacation"

会議の間
"during the meeting"

授業の間
"during class"

旅行の間
"during the trip"

With Verbs: ている間

寝ている間
"while sleeping"

勉強している間
"while studying"

日本にいる間
"while in Japan"

待っている間
"while waiting"

Asking About Duration

どのくらい/どれくらい

"How long":

どのくらいかかりますか?
"How long will it take?"

どれくらい日本にいますか?
"How long will you be in Japan?"

どのくらい勉強しましたか?
"How long did you study?"

何時間/何日間

Specific time units:

何時間かかりますか?
"How many hours will it take?"

何日間休みますか?
"How many days will you rest?"

何年間働きましたか?
"How many years did you work?"

Particle Usage with Duration

を with Duration (Optional)

Duration can take を but often omitted:

3時間(を)勉強した
"I studied for 3 hours"

2日間(を)休んだ
"I rested for 2 days"

に with Points in Time

Note the difference:

3時に - at 3 o'clock (point)
3時間 - for 3 hours (duration)

月曜日に - on Monday (point)
3日間 - for 3 days (duration)

Common Patterns

〜間に (during/within)

Something happens within a period:

夏休みの間に旅行した
"I traveled during summer vacation"

1時間の間に終わった
"It finished within 1 hour"

授業の間に寝てしまった
"I fell asleep during class"

〜間ずっと (the whole time)

Throughout the entire duration:

1時間ずっと待った
"I waited the whole hour"

夏休みの間ずっと勉強した
"I studied throughout summer vacation"

3日間ずっと雨だった
"It rained for the whole 3 days"

Duration with Different Verbs

Continuous Actions

3時間勉強した
"I studied for 3 hours"

2時間映画を見た
"I watched a movie for 2 hours"

30分走った
"I ran for 30 minutes"

States

3日間病気だった
"I was sick for 3 days"

1年間日本にいる
"I'll be in Japan for 1 year"

2週間忙しい
"I'll be busy for 2 weeks"

Common Conversations

Example 1: Study Duration

A: 毎日どのくらい勉強しますか?
   "How long do you study every day?"

B: 2時間ぐらい勉強します
   "I study for about 2 hours"

A: 週末は?
   "What about weekends?"

B: 3時間ぐらい勉強します
   "I study for about 3 hours"

Example 2: Vacation

A: 夏休みはどのくらいですか?
   "How long is summer vacation?"

B: 2ヶ月間です
   "It's 2 months"

A: その間に何をしますか?
   "What will you do during that time?"

B: 旅行するつもりです
   "I plan to travel"

Example 3: Work Experience

A: どのくらい働いていますか?
   "How long have you been working?"

B: 5年間働いています
   "I've been working for 5 years"

A: 同じ会社ですか?
   "The same company?"

B: はい、同じ会社です
   "Yes, the same company"

Common Mistakes

Mistake 1: Using に with duration

Wrong: 3時間に勉強した ❌
Right: 3時間勉強した ✓
"I studied for 3 hours"

Mistake 2: Confusing 間 and 時

3時間 - 3 hours (duration)
3時 - 3 o'clock (time point)

Wrong context: 3時勉強した (studied at 3 o'clock - incomplete)
Right: 3時間勉強した (studied for 3 hours)

Mistake 3: Wrong counter

Wrong: 3時間日 ❌
Right: 3日間 ✓
"3 days"

Approximate Duration

ぐらい/くらい (about)

2時間ぐらい
"about 2 hours"

3日間くらい
"about 3 days"

1週間ぐらい
"about 1 week"

〜ほど (approximately)

1時間ほど
"about 1 hour"

2ヶ月ほど
"about 2 months"

Past Duration

まで (until)

3時まで勉強した
"I studied until 3 o'clock"

金曜日まで待つ
"I'll wait until Friday"

から〜まで (from~until)

9時から5時まで働く
"I work from 9 to 5"

月曜日から金曜日まで学校がある
"I have school from Monday to Friday"

Special Expressions

この間 (the other day/recently)

この間会った
"I met (them) the other day"

この間映画を見た
"I watched a movie recently"

その間 (during that time/meanwhile)

その間に準備する
"I'll prepare during that time"

その間待っていてください
"Please wait during that time"

しばらくの間 (for a while)

しばらくの間休みます
"I'll rest for a while"

しばらくの間会っていない
"I haven't met (them) for a while"

Minimum/Maximum Duration

少なくとも (at least)

少なくとも1時間かかる
"It takes at least 1 hour"

少なくとも3日間必要だ
"At least 3 days are needed"

最大 (maximum)

最大2時間
"maximum 2 hours"

最大1週間かかる
"It takes a maximum of 1 week"

Practice Sentences

Basic Duration

3時間勉強した
"I studied for 3 hours"

2日間休みました
"I rested for 2 days"

1週間旅行する
"I'll travel for 1 week"

5年間日本にいます
"I'll be in Japan for 5 years"

During/While

夏休みの間に旅行した
"I traveled during summer vacation"

授業の間に寝た
"I slept during class"

日本にいる間、勉強します
"While in Japan, I'll study"

待っている間、本を読んだ
"While waiting, I read a book"

Questions

どのくらいかかりますか?
"How long will it take?"

何時間勉強しますか?
"How many hours will you study?"

どれくらい日本にいますか?
"How long will you be in Japan?"

Approximate

2時間ぐらいかかります
"It takes about 2 hours"

3日間くらい休みます
"I'll rest for about 3 days"

1週間ほど待ってください
"Please wait about 1 week"
  • Time Words - Specific time expressions
  • Frequency - How often
  • Before/After - Temporal relationships
  • 〜ている間 - While doing
  • 〜ながら - While/simultaneous
  • Counters - Time counters